莎士比亚的十四行诗中的赋比兴(2)

（1）如何鉴赏莎诗中的“赋”，对比中国古代诗歌，从“铺陈”与“直言”两个角度进行分析。
（2）莎诗中的“比”应用情况如何，和中国古代诗人的应用偏爱有差别吗？试分析。
（3）“兴”在莎诗中有体现吗？试分析与这种体现在中国古诗的异同。
研究发现：莎诗中，赋多以“直言”的手法体现，“铺陈”手法应用趋向于具体意象的写实堆叠，这与中国古诗的隽永含蓄有所差异；“比”的应用十分广泛，莎士比亚擅长用“比拟”的修辞，而中国古诗中明喻的手法更广；莎诗的“兴”类似于开篇起兴的方式，相较于中国古诗，其中意象的相似性与毗连性更加直观。
Contents
1. Introduction    1
1.1 Background of the Study    1
    1.11 The Sonnet    2
    1.12 Shakespeare’s sonnets     2
1.2 Theoretical Basis    2
    1.21 English Sonnet ( Form, Theme, Features)    3
    1.22 Three Terms in Classical Chinese Literary Criticism     3
2. Literature Review    4
2.1 Overseas Study    3
2.2 Domestic Study    6
2.3 Summary    7
   2.31 Three Questions.8
3. Analysis &Appreciation    10
3.1 Narration (Fu )     10
   3.11 In Datail10
   3.12 In Straightforward10
3.2 Comparison (Bi )     10
   3.21 Metaphor11
   3.22 Simile.10
   3.23 Others.11
3.3 Sub-raise (Xing )     12
3.31The Image.13
3.32The Feeling 13
3.33The Similarity.14
3.34 The Contiguity.14
4. Conclusion    15
4.1 The Answers of Three Questions.15
4.2 The Summary.15
References    16
1. Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
   The poem was regard as the Poietike (Ancient Greeks, means “product”) in Aristotle’s theory(Aristotelous peri Poietikes ,343 B.C), .And from the renaissance period, the poems has been classified into arts, actually” the fine art ”. The sonnet is a poem of 14 lines of iambic pentameter with rigid rime-scheme. 154 sonnets from Shakespeare are the everlasting monument in the literature. Many researchers, scholars, critics and translators have achieved the illustrious deed in study of sonnets. In previous years, so many researches has thrown light on the ideological contents about the characters, the theme, the rhymes, etc.
But few comprehensive and statistical studies focus on the rhetoric devices, and the Chinese critic model are never applied to the poetical appreciations of Shakespeare . This thesis, will make an attempt to research on a comparative method to analyze and appreciate the sonnets. The model is as follow :
Narration(Fu): One item of classical Chinese literary criticism. Discussed with two aspects, narrating in detail and narrating in straightforward.
Chinese poetry:
In detail: “A Simple Fellow,The Book of Songs” is famous for the description of
In straightforward: July, The Book of Songs” has described.
Sonnets
In detail:.
    In straightforward:.

1.11 The Sonnet
The sonnet is a poetic form which originated in Italy; Giacomo Da Lentini is credited with its invention. The term sonnet is derived from the Italian word sonetto (from Old Provençal sonet a little poem, from son song, from Latin sonus a sound). By the thirteenth century it signified a poem of fourteen lines that follows a strict rhyme schemeand specific structure. The sonnet was first came into English in the early period of the Renaissance. Many English poets developed the form,the rhyme scheme, the sequence, etc for years. Up to now ,William Shakespeare were always the most famous sonneteer . 莎士比亚的十四行诗中的赋比兴(2):http://www.youerw.com/yingyu/lunwen_55345.html