摘要水准测量是测定地面点高程的主要方法之一，虽然使用水准仪精度相对较高，但是在面对山地地区时，由于地面起伏较大，水准仪显得有些得不应手。全站仪携带方便、自动化程度高等优点，所以全站仪测量面对复杂环境则更具有优势，采用全站仪进行高程测量已经成为广泛探讨的话题。39702
本文采用类似水准测量方法，探讨了在两点中间设站，测前后两点垂距计算高差的方法，此方法可以省略量取仪器高及棱镜高的步骤，简化了测量过程。并且经过试验分析，这种方法满足等级水准测量的精度要求。
另外当水准路线包含河流、湖泊等复杂水域环境时，一般水准测量难以完成要求，就可以采用跨水域水准测量的方法，本文对其也进行了探讨。
毕业论文关键词: 水准测量；高程; 全站仪三角高程测量；跨河流水准测量
Abstract
Level measurement is the determination of one of the main methods for the elevation of pastry, although the use of leveling accuracy is relatively high, but in the face of the mountain area, because the ground is undulating, leveling instrument is some should not be. Total station instrument to carry convenient and high degree of automation, so total station instrument in the face of complex environment has more advantages, to use the total station elevation measurement has become a widely discussed topic.
The similar standard of measurement methods, to set up a station in the middle of the two points, measured before and after the two vertical distance difference calculation method, this method can be omitted from height of instrument and prism high steps, simplifying the measurement process. And through the experimental analysis, this method can meet the accuracy requirements of the grade level measurement..
Also when the leveling line contains a complex water environment of rivers, lakes and other, ordinary leveling difficult to complete the requirements, you can use cross water level measurement method, this paper the were also discussed.
Keywords:Leveling; elevation; Triangle elevation measurement; cross river leveling
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章:绪 论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2研究现状 1
1.3本文研究的内容及意义 2
第二章:山地全站仪等级水准测量及其精度分析 3
2.1水准法全站仪高程测量的原理 3
2.2全站仪水准法高程测量基本方法 4
2.3 测量精度要求 5
2.3.1 观测方式 5
2.3.2 测量的精度 6
第三章:跨水域全站仪等级水准测量及其精度分析 10
3.1 测量原理 10
3.2测量方法 11
3.3测量精度要求 13
3.3.1观测结果 13
3.3.2测量精度 13
第四章:总结 17
致谢 18
第一章 绪 论
1.1引言
测量地面点的高程主要使用水准测量。测量水准高程基本是采用水准仪，而水准测量的工具是使用水准仪和水准尺，利用水平视线，测定两点之间的高差。虽然高程测量使用水准仪的精度相对比较高，但是在山地、水域环境复杂的地区，水准仪的局限性就体现出来了。于此相对比的全站仪就具有很大的优势。全站仪方便携带，自动化程度高，都利于山地的水准测量。另外，全站仪的测距相比水准仪要更好，所以在水域复杂的地区，全站仪能更好的替代水准仪。所以本文吸取以往经验来探讨采在不同环境下，全站仪等级水准测量方法及精度分析。 全站仪等级水准测量作业方法及精度研究:http://www.youerw.com/shuxue/lunwen_40104.html