英汉颜色词的文化内涵极其对比
摘要：丰富多彩的颜色词的中文及英文的内涵有很大不同。本文讨论了不同的含义和应用颜色词英汉之间在政治，宗教，经济，军事活动和社会生活的手段的对比；汉语和英语颜色词的不同语义导致不同其比喻的含义。由于思文方式、社会制度、传统习俗、地理环境，民族心理和其他因素的不同，对颜色词在理解的语言习惯和掌握运用方面不同，因此，有必要了解和研究这些差异，使我们能够改善我们的语言能力，从而让跨文化传播收获更大的成功。
Abstract:There are plenty of color words in both Chinese and English, but their connotations are quite different. This thesis discusses the different implications and applications of color words between English and Chinese in politics, religion, economy, military events and social life by means of contrast. Different semantic meanings of Chinese and English color words lead to the different comprehensions to their metaphoric meanings. There are many differences in the use of colors and color words as well as in the understanding and mastering the same color for reasons of different language habits, thinking styles, social systems, traditional customs, geographical surroundings, national psychology and other factors. Therefore, it is necessary to know and study these differences so that we can improve our language ability and make the intercultural communications successful.
一：英汉颜色词的文化内涵极其对比的意义
1、英汉颜色词的文化内涵：
语言是文化的镜子，随着人类文明的不断发展，人们不断赋予颜色词新的生命和活力，从原来表示某种单纯颜色而派生出许多转义，使语言更加生动形象、富有魅力、因而显得愈加重要。语言是文化的载体，是文化的组成部分，而不同民族的文化又各不相同。某些颜色词在字面上看似对应，但其文化含义却不尽相同，甚至可能大相径庭，由于文化因素的原因,表示颜色的词在不同的语境中被赋予不同的含义。http://www.youerw.com
因而不同的民族语言的颜色词具有不同的文化内涵,不同的民族语言在颜色词,尤其是在基本颜色词的使用上始终存在着差异,它反映了不同民族的习惯传统,透视出不同民族的文化心态。分清其在中西文化中不同的象征意义有利于我们进行跨文化的交际；而颜色词作为一种符号系统在英汉两种语言里具有不同的用途及文化价值、文化意蕴，对英汉颜色词的文化涵义进行分析，了解其所承载的文化信息，能有效地进行跨文化的言语交际，不断促进和加强英、汉之间文化的交流与融合；最重要的是：人们在日常的生活当中时时刻刻都使用各种各样的颜色词,因而在人类语言中,颜色词有其特有的魅力。通过对汉英两种语言中基本颜色词文化涵义的对比分析,可以了解到颜色词在汉英民族语言中的文化差异,以避免在跨文化交际中产生语用失误。
Language is the mirror of culture, with the continuous development of human civilization, people have been given new life to the word color and vitality, from the original color and express some kind of simple derived much escaped, so that language more vivid, attractive, and thus appears to increasingly important. Language is the carrier of culture, are an integral part of culture, and culture of different ethnic groups varies. Certain colors appear to correspond to the word literally, but its cultural meaning is not the same, or even likely to vary because of cultural factors of the reasons that the color of the word in different context have been given different meanings.
Different national languages and therefore the color of the word has a different culture, different national languages in the color of the word, especially in the basic use of color words there is always differences, and it reflects the habits of different ethnic traditions, different ethnic groups Perspective cultural mentality. To distinguish between Chinese and Western cultures in its different symbolic significance in favor of our cross-cultural communication; and color words as a symbol system in English and Chinese languages have different uses and cultural values, and cultural implication of the English and Chinese color words analysis of the meaning of culture, understanding their culture bearer information, and can effectively carry out cross-cultural verbal communication, and continuously promote and strengthen English and Chinese between the cultural exchange and integration; the most important thing is: people in their daily life always use a wide range of color words, which in human language, the color of the word has its unique charm. Through the Chinese and English languages in the cultural meaning of basic color terms of comparative analysis can be seen that the color words in Chinese and English the national language of the cultural differences in order to avoid cross-cultural communication generated Pragmatic Failure.