News headline serves the subject, summarizes the theme of the news, reveals the news value。 At the same time, it is an important tool to attract the readers。 Headline usually adopts a professional way。 For example, in Media Encyclopedia , news headline is defined as "the short text that reveals, evaluates, generalizes news content”。 Different types of news headlines are composed to adapt to different news contents。 News headlines include comments headlines, narrative headlines, initiative headlines etc。 In recent years, some local newspapers in certain sections often use long headlines, with specific narrative details。 Wang and Chen (2015) summarized such news events headlines as "narrative" news headlines。 The narration of news headlines is the main research object。 By summing up the New York Times and People's Daily, the main research is doing the pragmatic comparative analysis between English and Chinese newspaper narrative news headlines in order to find the similarities and differences。
First of all, look at the comparison of a group of Chinese Newspaper Headlines: 1) 邻里相伴，4000 人一个家(March 29, 2016 People's Daily )
2) 巴黎恐怖袭击案嫌犯在比利时被捕(March 20, 2016 People's Daily)
The first example is a common news headline, which is concentrated and brief。 In this headline, we cannot know more information。 For example, in which community the story happened? In which way they create a home? If you want to know the detailed information, you need read the text。 By contrast, the second example is a "narrative" news headline that we will discuss。 In this title, we already know who, where and what。 We only need read the news title to get the news basic information。
Similarly, we also found this kind of phenomenon in the English newspaper。 Look at the following examples in English newspapers :
3)A Feared Final Obstacle for Refugees(December 24, 2015 New York Times)文献综述
4)Another District in an Afghan Province Falls to the Taliban (March 16, 2016 New York Times )
By the comparison of these two pieces of news headline, we can see that, the first is a common
news headline which we do not know where and who。 And the second told us that “in a province in Afghanistan”, “a district of the Taliban” began to rebel against the attack。 This is a typical "narrative" news headline。
Thus, in either Chinese or English newspapers, we can see the headlines of "narration"。 Compared to concise and general news headlines, they have more complex structure and much widely used words。 So, why such titles are used and which kind of news could be more easily transported with such headlines? What kind of pragmatic functions the headlines have? And in the language of English and Chinese, what different pragmatic functions the headlines have? This paper will discuss these issues in detail。
2Literature Review
About the research on news headlines, different scholars have different emphases, mainly for the following aspects: syntactic forms of the headlines, pragmatic functions of headlines, artistic expression of headlines。
2。1Syntactic Forms of Headlines
Chen (2006) in her study pides headlines into subject-predicate headlines, predicate headlines, nominal headlines and other headlines。 Subject-predicate headlines refer to those after the end of the title there is a punctuation which can constitute the subject predicate sentence, and can enter the body to achieve normal communicative functions of news headlines。 Predicate news headlines namely consist of predicate or predicate nominal phrases 。 The substantive headlines refer to those news headlines composed of the noun or noun phrase。
Chu and Zhou (2006)summaries headlines’ functions as semantic function, pragmatic function, aesthetic function, ideational function and interpersonal function。 They pointed out that news headlines’ central cognitive function is accurately established the semantic macro structure。 News headlines overview of news content, which highly concentrated contains news of “what, who, when, where, how”, which is, the newspaper news headline of “wh-” model。 When Van Diik expressed elaboration to the framework of news discourse analysis, he pointed out that title and subtitle blanket news discourse and clarify the semantic macro structure 。 It is “title is summary” model that shows the traditional semantic function view of the analysis of news headlines"。 News headlines have multiple speech functions, such as urging, warning and giving information etc。 This fully reflects the combination of the semantic function and pragmatic function of news headlines。来~自,优^尔-论;文*网www.youerw.com +QQ752018766- 英汉报纸叙事性新闻标题的语用对比分析(2):http://www.youerw.com/yingyu/lunwen_88871.html