主人公霍尔顿面临着每一个人即将经历或正在经历或过去经历的一段时期——青春期。这个时期总是伴随着成长的烦恼与困惑和对成人世界的恐惧。他内心的理想世界总与现实格格不入，在纽约市的经历，让他再一次清晰地看清了童年世界和成人世界之间的巨大鸿沟。害怕成长甚至拒绝成长，最终在这鸿沟里迷茫并异化。通过分析霍尔顿的性格，本论文得出霍尔顿的性格弱点，如：自卑、幼稚、悲观，这些都导致了他自身的异化。
本篇论文共分为五部分。第一部分是介绍。第二部分是阐述霍尔顿在成长过程中遇到的苦恼。第三部分是探究霍尔顿在成长过程中孤独与迷茫的原因。第四部分是分析霍尔顿异化的表现和原因。第五部分是结尾。
毕业论文关键词：成长、孤独、异化、迷茫
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments.i
Abstract.ii
摘要iii

1 Introduction1

2 Growing Pains5
2.1 Fear of the Unknown Adulthood5
2.2 Growing-up Alone6

3 Confusion upon the Gap between Childhood and Adulthood.8
3.1 The Innocence, Curiosity and Honesty of Childhood    9
3.2 The Superficiality and Hypocrisy of Adulthood9

4 Alienation as a Form of Self-protection12
4.1 The Distorted Uniqueness.12
4.2 The Irrational Superiority13
4.3 Desperate Need for Human Contact and Love.13
4.3.1 The ducks in the lake have the protection of mother nature14
4.3.2 Desire for maternal love.14
4.3.3 Chat with prostitute14

5 Conclusion.15

Bibliography.17
1 Introduction
The Catcher in the Rye led the new trend in American literature. It made the vacuous and inhospitable 50’s Americans dump, and this period can be absolutely called “Salinger era” of the definition of literature. The Catcher in the Rye is now generally known as one of the classics in the 20th century American literature.
After it was published, The Catcher in the Rye caused great controversy, and also made the author was famous throughout the country. For some critics this novel was condemned as a form of the non serious literature, and this book was banned in some societies.
The title of the book comes from the protagonist Holden Caulfield with his sister Phoebe's dialogue: “Anyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids and nobody’s around—nobody big, I mean—except me. And I’m standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff—I mean if they’re running and they don’t look where they’re going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That’s all I’d do all day. I’d just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know it’s crazy, but that’s the only thing I’d really like to be. I know it’s crazy.”

The Catcher in the Rye reflected the conflict and confusion of the outlook on life and moral values among the American teenagers after World War II. It represented the idea of a significant number of people and the situation. The protagonist Holden with no clear purpose of resistance was the typical symptoms of contemporary students and young people. After the publication of The Catcher in the Rye, university and secondary school students rushed to read it. Parents and teachers also saw this novel as a “must-read text”, regarded it as to understand the key of contemporary teenagers.

The book was able to produce such a significant impact, because the author had created a new artistic style. The book through point of view of the main character in first person, with a tone of young people，traces what he saw and heard and behaved, and how thought and felt The author also criticized the hypocrisy and deception behavior of adult world by the vision of young people. Author used the delicate, profound technique to analyze the complex psychology of the protagonist, and not only seized the psychological conflict to analyze which was between his ideal and reality, but also firmly grasp the psychological characteristics of the young adolescent to express protagonist’s good performance of pure and absurd indulgence. 《麦田的守望者》在成长的孤独和异化中迷茫(2):http://www.youerw.com/yingyu/lunwen_32790.html