Although the term “crisis” is frequently used by organizations, there is some debate as to what it means (Smith & Elliot, 2006), and organizations often use the terms “crisis”, “disaster”, “business continuity”, and “risk” interchangeably, despite their differences (Smith & Elliot, 2006). Smith & Elliott (2006) further explain that “crises are represented as complex, non-linear events that generate problems for those who are responsible for attempting to manage them”
Companies may engage in inter-firm alliances in order to obtain something of value. The specific value may be financial, expertise or market position. Alliances can be formal or informal and can be short or long term. Some companies are looking for a long term partner and may engage in joint ventures in order to boost their qualifications for certain types of business. Meanwhile, others are looking for an informal partnership for the purpose of joint marketing. Some companies will acquire various entities to create a certain position in the market. The biggest management challenge in setting up an alliance with another firm is upfront planning. Advanced planning can be used to anticipate possible obstacles to effective alliances. Some of these obstacles can be in the sharing of information and staff, which entities will shoulder the financial burden, or how the financial burden will be distributed. 本文来自优.文~论^文·网原文请找腾讯324,9114
Companies may turn to inter-firm alliances for many reasons.These alliances may be formal or informal but in some way provide benefits for the parties involved. Some of the inter-alliances may be in the form of formal and legal partnerships and joint ventures. Companies may also align through merger and acquisition activity. Companies that are dependent on each other such as suppliers in an automobile manufacturer’s supply chain may find value in alliances. Pietras and Stormer (2001, p.9) described strategic alliances as “a way for companies with complementary strengths to enter a given market more effectively and efficiently than either alliance partner could manage alone.” Alliances can be a way for companies to avoid risk due to unforeseen factors, technology or market risk.
C++RSA文件加密软件的设计与实现+需求分析+文献综述+源码Dyer, Kale, and Singh (2001) called strategic alliances “a fast and flexible way to access complementary resources and skills that reside in other companies -- an important tool for achieving sustainable competitive advantage.” These benefits and others could explain why so many companies engage in alliances of all kinds. Dyer et al (2001, p.37) noted that “the top 500 global businesses have an average of 60 major strategic alliances each.” However, about half of strategic alliances fail.
Reasons for Alliances
Best Practices
Alliances can take place because one company may have technology that another needs or may have demonstrated best practices in an area that can save a company money. For example, many online companies align themselves with specific shipping companies such as FedEx or UPS because these companies have demonstrated expertise in shipping. Online companies that sell merchandise that must be shipped may be experts in their business but may not be experts in the best and most efficient ways to ship. Similarly, online giant Amazon.com has become proficient in selling online and has built credibility online.The Amazon.com marketplace allows vendors to align themselves with Amazon.com using the online giant’s proven system for getting customers, selling products and delivering those products quickly. Amazon.com has also proven that it knows how to protect customer personal information online. Many online shoppers are reluctant to shop with a company they have not done business with before. However, Amazon.com has set up a system for tracking orders and allows customers to access its customer service system if there are problems with an order sold through Amazon.com by a marketplace vendor.
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