自动化立体车库管理系统的研究(英文文献+CAD图纸)
Modeling and specifcations of dynamic agents in fractal manufacturing systems
Kwangyeol Ryua, Youngjun Sonb, Mooyoung Junga,*
a Department of Industrial Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea Systems and Industrial Engineering Department, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
b Received 9 September 2002; accepted 16 April 2003
Abstract In order to respond to a rapidly changing manufacturing environment and market, manufacturing systems must be flexible, adaptable, and reusable. The fractal manufacturing system (FrMS) is one of the new manufacturing paradigms that address the need for these characteristics. The FrMS is comprised of a number of ‘‘basic components’’, each of which consists of five functional modules: (1) an observer, (2) an analyzer, (3) an organizer, (4) a resolver, and (5) a reporter. Each of these modules, using agent technology, autonomously cooperates and negotiates with others while processing its own jobs. The resulting architecture has a high degree of self-similarity, one of the main characteristics of a fractal. Despite the many conceptual advantages of the FrMS, it has not been successfully elaborated and implemented to date because of the difficulties involved in doing so. In this paper, the static functions and dynamic activities of each agent are modeled using the unified modeling language (UML). Then, relationships among agents, working mechanisms of each agent, and several fractal-specific characteristics (selfsimilarity, self-organization, and goal-orientation) are modeled using the UML. Then, a method for dealing with several types of information such as products, orders, and resources in the FrMS is presented. Finally, a preliminary prototype for the FrMS using AgletsTM is presented. # 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Fractal manufacturing system (FrMS); Agent technology; UML; Modeling
Abbreviations: FrMS, fractal manufacturing system; BFU, basic fractal unit; DRP, dynamic restructuring process; UML, uni?ed modeling language; HMS, holonic manufacturing system; BMS, bionic/biological manufacturing system; CNP, contract net protocol; MANPro, mobile agent-based negotiation process; NMA, network monitoring agent; EMA, equipment monitoring agent; SEA, schedule evaluation agent; DRA, dispatching-rule rating agent; RSA, real-time simulation agent; SGA, schedule generation agent; GFA, goal formation agent; TGA, task governing agent; NEA, negotiation agent; KDA, knowledge database agent; DMA, decision-making agent; FSM, fractal status manager; FAM, fractal address manager; REA, restructuring agent; NCA, network command agent; ECA, equipment command agent; STA, system agent; NTA, network agent; MP, material processor; MH, material handler; MT, material transporter; BS, buffer storage; MRP, material removal processor; MFP, material forming processor; MIP, material inspection processor; PD, passive device; FMH, ?xed material handler; MMH, movable material handler; FMT, fixed material transporter; MMT, movable material transporter; ABS, active buffer storage; PBS, passive buffer storage E-mail address: (M. Jung).
* Corresponding author. Tel.: t82-54-279-2191; fax: t82-54-279-5998.
0166-3615/$ – see front matter # 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/S0166-3615(03)00099-X
1. Introduction
Facing intensified competition in a growing global market, manufacturing enterprises have been reengineering their production systems to achieve computer integrated manufacturing (CIM). Major goals of CIM include, but are not necessarily limited to, lowering manufacturing costs, rapidly responding to changing customer demands, shortening lead times, and increasing the quality of products [1–3]. However, the development of a CIM system is an incredibly complex962
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