摘要：随着我国城镇化的不断推进，人们对于园林绿化、环境美化的追求越来越高。绿地面积不断增加，不但改善了当地的生态环境，还满足了人们对环境美化的需求。然而，问题也随之而来，越来越多的园林废弃物的处理问题给人们带来了不少困扰。园林废弃物处理主要有填埋或焚烧两种处置方式，既造成了浪费，又带来了污染。常用的无土栽培基质如草炭、珍珠岩、蛭石等成本较高，本试验通过对园林废弃物进行堆肥腐熟的办法，并对其进行改良，得到较为适合作为植物栽培的基质。本文对试验数据进行了分析，结果表明：园林废弃物在腐解过程中温度迅速上升，然后开始下降，最终降至接近室温温度，加入发酵剂菌种可以加快园林废弃物腐熟速度；园林废弃物腐解后pH上升为8.0左右, CEC值上升，基质保肥性加强；腐熟完成后基质的粒级变小，物理性质有所改善；使用化学方法调节基质pH效果较好，可以使pH达到植物生长适宜的范围，可以作为基质栽培植物。24509
毕业论文关键词： 园林废弃物；基质；腐解。
Decomposition and utilization of garden waste
Abstract :Along with urbanization in our country, the demand of city greening becomes higher. Increasing green area not only improves the local environment, but also to meet people's demand for beautification. However, the attendant problems, deal with the problem more and more garden waste brought a lot of trouble to the people. Garden waste disposal are landfill or incineration two disposal methods, not only wasteful, but also brought pollution. Traditional soilless cultivation substrate such as peat, prelate, vermiculite cost high，this test through the green waste composting，and carries on the improvement to the matrix, get suitable for plant cultivation substrate. In this paper, the experimental data were analyzed, the results showed that: the temperature of garden waste rapidly rose during decomposition and then began decline, eventually fell to near room temperature. Add to ferment bacteria can accelerate the speed of garden waste composting; The pH of garden waste after composted raised to 8.0 or so, the CEC of garden waste increased, the base warranty of fertilizer strengthened. After completion mature of the garden waste, it became smaller, physical properties improved; using chemical methods to adjust pH is good, it can make the pH reach the range of plant growth suitable, can be used as a matrix of cultivated plants.
Key Words: Garden Waste；Growing Media； Decomposition；
目  录
1．引言1
1.1园林废弃物与应用现状1
1.2园林废弃物堆肥发酵2
1.3 基质成分及理化性质要求 2
2．材料与方法4
 2.1 试验用品 4
 2.2  研究内容与过程 4
 2.3  园林废弃物理化性质测定方法5
2.4腐熟后的园林废弃物理化性质调节 6
3.结果与分析7
3.1园林废弃物理化性质分析7
3.2发酵和温度变化7
3.3 腐解后的园林废弃物理化性质测定与分析8
3.4 腐解后的园林废弃物理化性质调节与分析11
3.5灯心草栽培试验结果分析14
4.讨论16
5.结论17
6.致谢18
7.参考文献19
1 引言
1.1 园林废弃物概述
1.1.1园林废弃物与应用现状
园林废弃物主要为园林绿化植物修剪和自然凋落所产生的植物残体，主要包括枯枝落叶及草坪修剪物杂草种子和残花等。[ 1] 园林绿化在改善环境、缓解热岛效应、文持生态平衡等方面有显著作用，得到快速发展。随之而来，园林废弃物量越来越大，成为又一大城市废弃物。[ 2]在北京，直到2010年末，其园林绿地面积达到了62700公顷，每年产生的废弃物将近6.27万吨。绿地成熟期，大量有机物以枯枝、落叶的方式损耗，每年有机物的损耗量约为2.09～3.14万吨。[ 3]园林植物废弃物传统处理办法是焚烧和填埋，既浪费了资源，又容易造成污染。这些处理办法已不能适应可持续发展的要求。[ 2]研究表明，园林废弃物粉碎后可作为地被覆盖物，也可堆制发酵作生产栽培基质或土壤改良剂。这样不但可以避免简单的填埋或焚烧造成的资源浪费，而且可以减少对环境的不利影响，推进园林绿化行业的循环利用模式的推广应用；又能提高土壤肥力，改善土壤结构，保持水分，文持温度，减少城市粉尘，降低绿地文护成本，带动循环经济发展。 [ 4] 园林废弃物腐解与利用+文献综述:http://www.youerw.com/shengwu/lunwen_18037.html