摘要端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)具有价格低、粘度小、工艺性能好等优点，在弹性体、涂料、胶粘剂等众多领域中被广泛使用，以HTPB为粘合剂的复合固体推进剂具有能量高、成本低、力学性能及工艺性能，在各类战略、战术武器及航天型号中得到了普遍使用。
本毕业论文文以HTPB为基体，异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）为固化剂，一缩二乙二醇（DEG）为扩链剂，采用一步法合成了HTPB聚氨酯弹性体，并利用傅里叶红外光谱仪、万能材料试验机、数字粘度计和Minilab流变仪分别考察HTPB弹性体的力学性能及B/HTPB混合体系粘度与流变性能的影响。
红外图谱分析表明，异氰酸酯与羟基发生了反应；HTPB聚氨酯弹性体力学分析表明：R=1，软段含量为80%时，其拉伸强度达到7.23MPa，断裂伸长率为467.43%；通过对B/HTPB混合体系的粘度分析，可知改性B/HTPB的粘度大大低于原料B/HTPB的粘度；对包覆B/HTPB流变性能分析结果表明，改性B/HTPB混合体系为胀流性流体。26741
关键词  HTPB  聚氨酯  复合材料  结构  流变性能
Title   Structure and Rheological Properties of Polyurethane Matrix Composites                  
Abstract
Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), which is low price, low viscosity and good processability, has been widely used in many fields, such as rubber, coating, adhesive and so on. Consequently, HTPB, which is the adhesive of solid propellant which possesses  high energy, low cost, good mechanical properties and processability, is widely used in all kinds of strategic and tactical weapons and space model
In this paper, HTPB, IPDI and DEG were used to synthesis the polyurethane by one-step method. The mechanical properties of HTPB elastomer, the viscosity of B/HTPB mixture and rheological properties were investigated by using Fourier infrared spectrometer, the universal material testing machine, rotational viscosimeter and Minilab rheometer respectively.
Infrared spectrum showed that the isocyanate group and hydroxyl group were reacted during curing step. And the mechanical properties analysis of HTPB polyurethane elastomers showed that when R = 1, soft segment content was 80%, the tensile strength is 7.23 MPa and the elongation at break is 467.43%. By measuring the viscosity of B/HTPB mixture system, it was found that the viscosity of the modified B/HTPB was much lower than the viscosity of raw B/HTPB. And the results of rheological properties of the modified B/HTPB system showed that the modified B/HTPB mixture system were dilatant fluid.
Keywords  HTPB  Polyurethane  Composite material Structure  Rheological properties 
目   录
1  引言    1
1.1  聚氨酯弹性体简介    1
1.2  聚丁二烯型聚氨酯弹性体    4
1.3  HTPB聚氨酯复合材料国内外研究进展    5
1.4  本实验的研究背景及意义    8
2  实验部分    9
2.1  实验原料与仪器    9
2.2  HTPB聚氨酯弹性体的制备    9
2.3  表征与测试    10
3  性能测试结果分析    11
3.1  HTPB聚氨酯弹性体红外光谱分析    11
3.2  HTPB聚氨酯弹性体力学性能分析    11
3.3  HTPB聚氨酯弹性体的粘度分析    14
3.4  B/HTPB复合材料流变性能分析    15
结  论    20
参考文献22
1  引言
聚氨酯材料具有非常广泛的用途，并且在其工业化生产中，聚氨酯材料主要是由各种多元异氰酸酯与多羟基化合物(如含端羟基的多元醇或多元酸化合物)反应而制成的。所以选择不同类型的有机反应物和不同的羟基化合物,采用不同的合成方法,能够制备出表观形式多种多样、性能不同的聚氨酯产品[1]。其中有弹性橡胶,有泡沫塑料,有涂料、油漆,也有胶粘剂和合成皮革等，他们都有各自的优良特性，才使其在各个领域有不可替代的重要作用。聚氨酯材料正向一个品种繁多、性能优良的新型合成材料领域迈进。 聚氨酯基复合材料的结构与流变性能研究:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_21009.html